FIRST BHMS
PHYSIOLOGY QUESTION BANK
question bank according to CBDC syllabus
M - MCQ | S - SAQ | L - LAQ | V - VIVA/PRACTICAL | Ø - NON
PHYSIOLOGY (PAPER - I)
GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY
-Define Physiology(MSLV)
-Discuss the importance of learning physiology in a homoeopathic course(MØØV)
-Discuss the Internal & external environment of Body(ØSØV)
-Explain the regulation of internal environment(ØSØV)
-Explain homoeostasis & it’s control(MØLV)
-Describe the structure of cell(ØØLV)
-Describe the functions of cell(ØSØV)
-List the organelles present in cell(MSØV)
-Enumerate the functions of organelles(ØØLV)
-List the name of intracellular junction(ØSØV)
-Discuss the importance of intracellular Junction(MØØV)
-Explain Passive transportation(ØSØV)
-Explain Active Transportation(ØSØV)
-Explain Vesicular Transportation(ØSØV)
-Demonstrate history taking process(ØØØV)
BIOPHYSICS SCIENCE
-Define the terms Filtration& Ultrafiltration(ØSØV)
-Define intra cellular communication(ØSØV)
-Define the terms adsorption & Absorption(ØSØV)
-Define the terms Hydro trophy, Dialysis & Assimilation(ØSØV)
-Define Surface Tension(ØSØV)
-Explain Action Potential(ØSØV)
-Define Donnan Equilibrium(ØSØV)
-Define Transmembrane Potential(ØSØV)
-Explain nerve action potential(ØSØV)
-Define Tracer Elements(ØSØV)
-Define Rhythmicity of some excitable tissues(ØSØV)
-Describe the Ionic Bond(ØSØV)
-Describe the covalent bond(ØSØV)
-Describe the Hydrogen Bond(ØSØV)
-Define the terms Colloid, Solution & Suspension(ØSØV)
-Discuss the characteristics of acids, Base & Salts(ØSØV)
-Discuss acid base balance & its application to the concept of pH(ØSØV)
-Describe the maintaining of pH: Buffer System(MSØV)
BODY FLUID & IMMUNE MECHANISM
-Discuss the composition of Blood(MØLV)
-Describe the function of blood(ØØLV)
-Define serum(ØSØV)
-Explain the difference between serum & Plasma(MSØV)
-Discuss the origin of plasma protein(ØSØV)
-Explain the forms and functions of plasma proteins(ØØLV)
-Identify the relation of diet to plasma protein(ØSØV)
-Illustrate the structure of Haemoglobin(ØSØV)
-Discuss the synthesis of Haemoglobin(ØSØV)
-Define Normal function of Haemoglobin(ØØLV)
-State normal Value of different varieties of Haemoglobin(MSØV)
-Explain Iron metabolism(ØSØV)
-Discuss the normal structure of RBC with its morphology(ØSØV)
-discuss stages and regulation of erythropoiesis(ØØLV)
-Discuss the fate of RBC(ØSØV)
-Discuss the hemolysis(ØSØV)
-Classify the anemia according to their morphology & etiology(MØLV)
-Discuss the different anemia(MØLV)
-Enumerate the different abnormal functions in anaemia(ØSØV)
-Discuss the fate of bilirubin(ØSØV)
-Explain Physiological Jaundice(ØSØV)
-Explain Jaundice in new-born(ØSØV)
-Explain different condition of leucocyte count in our body(MSØV)
-Classify different type of WBCs(ØØLV)
-Discuss the function of WBCs as per their classification(ØØLV)
-Discuss the phagocytosis(ØSØV)
-Discuss the stages of leucopoiesis with its regulation(ØSØV)
-Discuss the conditions that cause abnormal value of leucocyte(ØSØV)
-Discuss the structure & function of Platelets(ØSØV)
-Describe the Thrombopoiesis(ØSØV)
-Discuss its count & variation of platelets(MSØV)
-Describe the process of coagulation(ØØLV)
-Discuss the mechanism of haemostasis(ØSØV)
-Explain stages of clotting mechanism(ØØLV)
-Discuss hemorrhagic disorder(MSØV)
-Classify the ABO blood group system(ØØLV)
-Discuss Landsteiner’s Law(ØSØV)
-Describe Rhesus Blood Group(ØSØV)
-Discuss Rh Incompatibility(ØSØV)
-Discuss the importance of Blood transfusion(ØSØV)
-List causes for Blood transfusion reaction(ØSØV)
-Discuss Tissue Macrophage system(ØSØV)
-Describe the morphology and functions of Lymphocytes & Plasma cell(ØSØV)
-Explain the functions of spleen(ØØLV)
-Discuss the formation and functions of Lymph(ØSØV)
-Define Immunity(MSØV)
-Explain different type of immunity(MØLV)
-Discuss development of immune response(ØSØV)
-Discuss Auto immunity & Hypersensitivity(ØSØV)
-Discuss Immunodeficiency Diseases(ØSØV)
-Estimate Hb in the given sample(ØØØV)
-Interpret results of Hb estimation(ØØØV)
-Perform RBC Total Count Estimation(ØØØV)
-Interpret the results of RBC Total Count Estimation(ØØØV)
-Perform WBC Total Count Estimation(ØØØV)
-Interpret the results of WBC Total Count Estimation(ØØØV)
-Perform WBC DC estimation(ØØØV)
-Interpret the results of WBC DC estimation(ØØØV)
-Record RBC indices(ØØØV)
-Evaluate RBC indices(ØØØV)
-Perform Blood Group identification(ØØØV)
-Perform BT/CT(ØØØV)
-Interpret the results of BT/CT(ØØØV)
-Record ESR(ØØØV)
-Interpret the results of ESR estimation(ØØØV)
-Record Reticulocyte count(ØØØV)
-Interpret the results of Reticulocyte count(ØØØV)
-Record Platelet Count(ØØØV)
-Interpret the results of Platelet Count(ØØØV)
CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
-Describe the chambers of heart(ØSØV)
-Discuss the valves & the walls of heart(ØSØV)
-Explain the pacemaker of heart(ØSØV)
-Describe the conducting system(ØØLV)
-Discuss the Morphological Properties of heart(ØØLV)
-Discuss the electrical properties of heart(ØSØV)
-Discuss the mechanical & metabolic Properties of heart(ØØØV)
-Define Cardiac cycle(MSØV)
-Discuss the events of cardiac cycle(ØØLV)
-Explain the pressure changes during cardiac cycle(ØØLV)
-Explain the ECG changes during each cardiac cycle(ØØLV)
-Define Heart Sound(ØØLV)
-Explain different heart sounds with their measurement technique(MØLV)
-Discuss the clinical importance of Murmurs & Triple heart sound(ØSØV)
-Discuss normal ECG with it’s waves and intervals(MSØV)
-Explain in electrocardiography with unipolar & bipolar recording(ØSØV)
-Classify arrythmias(ØSØV)
-Explain Different degree of heart block(ØSØV)
-Explain Myocardial Infarction(ØSØV)
-List the functions of circulation(ØSØV)
-State the functions of heart(ØSØV)
-Discuss the pressure changes in vascular system(MØØV)
-Recall the structure of the blood vessels(ØSØV)
-Identify the factors affecting heart rate and how it affects(ØSØV)
-Discuss the mechanism of control of heart rate(ØSØV)
-Define cardiac output(ØØLV)
-Discuss the distribution of cardiac output(ØØLV)
-Discuss the factors affecting cardiac output(ØØLV)
-Discuss in detail the Control mechanism of cardiac output(ØØLV)
-Discuss the importance of blood pressure(ØØLV)
-State the factors affecting arterial blood pressure(ØØLV)
-Discuss the determinants of arterial blood pressure(ØØLV)
-Describe regulation of arterial blood pressure(ØØLV)
-Discuss the capillary circulation(ØØØV)
-Discuss the Coronary circulation(ØSØV)
-Discuss the Cerebral circulation(ØSØV)
-Discuss the Splenic circulation(ØØØV)
-Discuss Pulmonary circulation(ØSØV)
-Explain mechanism responsible for shock & syncope(ØSØV)
-Discuss the mechanism of hypertension(ØSØV)
-Measure the blood pressure in resting & different grade of exercise(ØØØV)
-Discuss the variation between different blood pressure values after measurement(ØØØV)
-Measure pulse at rest and in different grades of exercise(ØØØV)
-Discuss the variation between different arterial pulse value after measurement(ØØØV)
-Record ECG in a volunteer(ØØØV)
-Identify the features of a normal ECG(ØØØV)
-Locate the Apex beat(ØØØV)
-Auscultate for heart sound(ØØØV)
-Identify different heart sounds(ØØØV)
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
-Identify the different parts of upper respiratory tract(MSØV)
-Describe the importance of different parts of lower respiratory tract(MSØV)
-Identify the different parts of trachea – bronchial tree, Respiratory membrane & pleura(ØSØV)
-Explain the properties of Gases(ØSØV)
-Discuss nonrespiratory function of respiratory system(ØSØV)
-Discuss the mechanism of Inspiration(ØSØV)
-Discuss the mechanism of Expiration(ØSØV)
-Discuss intrapulmonary pressure(ØSØV)
-Discuss intra pleural pressure(ØSØV)
-Discuss static lung volume & capacities(MSØV)
-Discuss dynamic lung volume and capacities(MSØV)
-Define surface tension(ØSØV)
-Discuss the significance of lung surfactant(ØSØV)
-Describe the Oxygen transportation(ØØLV)
-Explain the carbon dioxide transportation(ØØLV)
-Discuss the nervous regulation of respiration(ØØLV)
-Discuss the Chemical regulation of respiration(ØØLV)
-Discuss the physio clinical aspect of Apnea(ØSØV)
-Discuss the physio clinical aspect of Dyspnoea, Asphyxia, Oxygen toxicity(MSØV)
-Define Hypoxia(MØLV)
-Classify hypoxia & Define Cyanosis(MSØV)
-Discuss the principles of artificial respiration(ØSØV)
-Discuss the Methods of artificial respiration(ØSØV)
-Discuss the pressure changes during high altitude(ØSØV)
-Discuss the effect during Rapid & slow ascent on high altitude(ØSØV)
-Discuss the pressure changes during Deep sea diving(ØSØV)
-Perform the technique to assess normal respiratory rate, expansion of chest, in resting as well as exercise condition through inspection and palpation(ØØØV)
-Perform percussion on the chest(ØØØV)
-Perform the auscultation on different parts of lungs(ØØØV)
RENAL SYSTEM
-Recognize the structure of kidney & nephron(ØSØV)
-Discuss the functions of kidney(ØØLV)
-Discuss the organization and function of glomerulus(ØSØV)
-Classify the type of nephrons(MSØV)
-Describe the structure and functions of juxtaglomerular apparatus(ØØLV)
-Explain the secretions from juxtaglomerular apparatus & their regulation(ØØLV)
-Explain the process of glomerular filtration(ØØLV)
-Describe the regulation of Glomerular Filtration Rate(ØØLV)
-Discuss the mechanism of GFR & Explain the factors affecting GFR(ØØLV)
-Discuss the general considerations of reabsorption & secretion(MØLV)
-Describe the renal transport mechanisms throughout the tubular segments(MSØV)
-Describe the transport of individual substances in different segments of renal tubule(MØØV)
-Discuss the general consideration of urine concentration mechanism(ØØLV)
-Describe the counter current multipliers(MSØV)
-Discuss the counter current exchangers(MSØV)
-Discuss the renal regulation of acid-base balance(ØØLV)
-Describe the buffer system in the kidney(ØØØV)
-Define micturition(ØØLV)
-Discuss the nerve supply of urinary bladder(ØØØV)
-Describe the micturition reflex(ØØLV)
-Perform the physical, chemical, and microscopical examination of urine(ØØØV)
-Recognize the normal values of physical, chemical, and microscopical examination of urine(ØØLV)
-Perform examination for the abnormal constituents of urine(ØØØV)
-Interpret the results of examination for the abnormal constituents of urine(ØØLV)
-Interpret the renal clearance test for glomerular function(ØØLV)
-Interpret the renal clearance test for Tubular function(ØØLV)
SKIN & THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
-Discuss layers of skin with their functions(ØSØV)
-Relate the structure of hair with its function(ØØLV)
-Relate the structure of nail with its function(ØSØV)
-Relate the structure of different glands of skin with their functions(ØSØV)
-Describe the glands of skin(MSØV)
-Explain the regulation of body temperature through skin(ØØLV)
-Demonstrate the examination of Skin & Mucus Membrane(ØØØV)
-Demonstrate the examination of Conjunctive, Nail & Glands(ØØØV)
NERVE MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY
-Define Neuron Classify neurons(ØSØV)
-Explain structure and function of neuroglia(MSØV)
-Define the terms Excitability & Conductivity(ØSØV)
-Discuss graded & action potential(MSØV)
-Discuss the causes & grade of injury(MSØV)
-Identify the stages of degeneration(ØSØV)
-Discuss the stages of regeneration(ØSØV)
-Illustrate the Structure of Neuro-Muscular Junction(ØSØV)
-Discuss the Neuromuscular Transmission(ØØØV)
-Discuss Disorders of neuromuscular Junction(MSØV)
-Illustrate the mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction(ØSØV)
-Describe the general mechanism of muscle contraction(ØSØV)
-Discuss Molecular mechanism(ØØØV)
-Discuss Energetic of muscle contraction(ØØØV)
-Discuss Excitation of skeletal muscle(ØSØV)
-Explain Contraction of smooth muscle(ØØLV)
-Explain Nervous & hormonal control of smooth muscle contraction(ØSØV)
-Illustrate Functional Anatomy of cardiac Muscle(ØØLV)
-Explain process of excitability & contractility(MSØV)
-Explain properties of cardiac muscle(MSØV)
-Discuss the disorders of Skeletal Muscles(ØSØV)
-Measure the parameters of cardiopulmonary changes during exercise(ØØØV)
-Demonstrate the sequence of performing ergography(ØØØV)
PHYSIOLOGY (PAPER - II)
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
-Define hormones(MSØV)
-Discuss the characteristic of hormones(MSØV)
-Classify the hormones as per their chemistry(MSØV)
-Discuss the regulation of hormone from the hypothalamus(MSØV)
-Discuss the homoeostatic mechanism of secretion of hormone through Hypothalamus(MSØV)
-Discuss the physiological anatomy of pituitary gland(MSØV)
-Explain the secretion of anterior pituitary hormone(MØLV)
-Explain the secretion of growth hormone(MØLV)
-Describe the functions of growth hormone(MØLV)
-List the factors affecting growth hormone(ØØØV)
-Discuss the effects of altered secretion of growth hormone(MØLV)
-Explain the actions and control of secretion of prolactin(MSØV)
-Discuss the secretion of posterior Pituitary hormones(MSØV)
-Explain the functions of ADH(MØLV)
-Discuss the functions of Oxytocin(MØLV)
-Describe pituitary insufficiency(MSØV)
-Discuss the physiological anatomy of Thyroid gland(ØSØV)
-Describe the formation & secretion of thyroid hormone(ØØLV)
-Explain the transport & metabolism of thyroid hormone(ØØLV)
-Discuss the regulation and action of thyroid hormone(ØØLV)
-Explain the effect of altered secretion of Thyroid hormone(ØØLV)
-Discuss the calcium & phosphate metabolism(ØØØV)
-Discuss the action of parathormone(MSØV)
-Describe the action of Calcitonin(MSØV)
-Discuss the role of Calcitonin in the maintenance of calcium homoeostasis in body(MØLV)
-Discuss the effect of altered secretion of para thyroid hormone(MSØV)
-Discuss the physiological anatomy of Adrenal Cortex gland(ØØØV)
-Describe the formation, secretion, and functions of Glucocorticoid hormone(ØØLV)
-Describe the formation, secretion, and functions of Mineralocorticoid hormone(ØØLV)
-Describe the formation, secretion, and functions of Sex hormones(ØSØV)
-Explain the effects of altered secretion of Adrenal cortex hormone(ØSØV)
-Discuss the physiological anatomy of Adrenal Medullary gland(ØSØV)
-Explain the physiological anatomy of Pancreatic gland(ØSØV)
-Discuss the action and regulation of Glucagon(ØØLV)
-Discuss the action and regulation of Insulin(ØØLV)
-Describe the effects of altered secretion of Pancreatic Hormone(MØLV)
-Describe the functions of hormone of thymus gland(MSØV)
-Discuss the functions of hormone of pineal gland(MSØV)
-State the functions of Local hormones(MØØV)
-Demonstrate the diagnosis of pregnancy through Urine pregnancy Strip(ØØØV)
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
-Identify the parts of central nervous system – brain & spinal cord with its function(MSØV)
-Discuss the developmental aspect of central nervous system(MSØV)
-Classify nervous system(MSØV)
-Illustrate the physiological anatomy of synapse(MSØV)
-Discuss the electrical events occurring at synapses(MSØV)
-Discuss the properties of synapse(MSØV)
-Define receptor(MSØV)
-Classify the sensory receptors(MØLV)
-Describe the Cutaneous receptor(MSØV)
-explain the properties of receptor(MSØV)
-Discuss reflex arc(MSØV)
-Classify reflexes(MSØV)
-Discuss the properties of reflex(MSØV)
-Classify neurotransmitters(MSØV)
-Explain the different types of neurotransmitter(MSØV)
-Define sensory system(MSØV)
-Discuss different sensory tracts of spinal cord(MØLV)
-Describe the sensory tracts of spinal cord(MØLV)
-Explain the somato-sensory cortex(MSØV)
-Explain the somatic sensation – touch, pressure, pain, temperature, proprioception(MSØV)
-Discuss motor areas(MØLV)
-Discuss different motor tracts of spinal cord(MØLV)
-Discuss the motor tracts of spinal cord(MØLV)
-Discuss the clinical significance of Motor tracts of spinal cord(MØLV)
-Discuss the physiological anatomy of vestibular apparatus(MSØV)
-Explain the functions of vestibular apparatus(MØLV)
-Discuss the common vestibular dysfunctions(MØLV)
-Differentiate between somatic and autonomic nervous system(MSØV)
-Describe the divisions of Autonomic nervous system(MSØV)
-Discuss the responses of effector organ to autonomic nerve impulse(ØØØV)
-List the functions of Spinal cord(ØØLV)
-Illustrate the transection of spinal cord(ØSØV)
-Describe the sensory disturbances of spinal cord(ØSØV)
-Discuss the connections & functions of cerebral cortex(ØØLV)
-Discuss the connections & functions of Basal Ganglia(ØSØV)
-Explain the connections & functions of Thalamus(ØSØV)
-Explain the connections& functions of Hypothalamus(ØØLV)
-Discuss the connections & functions of Limbic system(ØSØV)
-Explain the connections& functions of Cerebellum(ØØLV)
-Explain the cerebellar lesions(ØØLV)
-Discuss the importance of EEG(ØØØV)
-Explain the Physiological Basis of EEG(ØØØV)
-Discuss the factors affecting sleep(ØSØV)
-Describe the Physiological changes during sleep(ØSØV)
-Classify the types of sleep(ØØØV)
-Discuss the factors controlling sleep cycle(ØØØV)
-Discuss the mechanism and development of speech(ØSØV)
-Describe the physiological basis of learning(ØSØV)
-Discuss the physiological basis of memory(ØSØV)
-Discuss the applied physiology of memory(ØSØV)
-Perform examination of cranial nerves(ØØØV)
-Perform examination for speech(ØØØV)
-Conduct the assessment of muscle tone(ØØØV)
-Conduct the assessment of muscle power(ØØØV)
-Perform the clinical examination for reflexes(ØØØV)
-Perform Cutaneous sensory examination(ØØØV)
-Perform the clinical examination of gait and posture(ØØØV)
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM & NUTRITION
-Discuss the importance of digestive system(ØSØV)
-Recall the structure of digestive system(ØSØV)
-Recognize the structure of small intestine(ØSØV)
-Identify the structure of large intestine(ØSØV)
-Classify salivary glands. Mention the innervation of salivary glands(ØSØV)
-Discuss composition of saliva(MØLV)
-Discuss functions of saliva(ØØLV)
-Describe mechanism of salivary secretion(ØØLV)
-Discuss the control of salivary secretion(ØØLV)
-Explain the clinical relevance of salivary gland & salivary secretion(ØSØV)
-Describe the process of mastication(ØSØV)
-Explain the stages of swallowing(MØLV)
-Discuss the role of upper & lower oesophageal sphincter(ØØØV)
-List the common oesophageal motility disorders(ØØØV)
-Recall the macro and micro structure of stomach(ØSØV)
-Discuss the functions of stomach(ØØLV)
-Discuss the composition & functions of gastric juice(MØLV)
-Discuss the mechanism & regulation of gastric juice secretion(ØØLV)
-Discuss the process of digestion in stomach(ØØLV)
-Discuss the movements of stomach(ØSØV)
-Mention the three phases of vomiting(ØØØV)
-Recall the macro and micro structure of Pancreas(ØSØV)
-Discuss the composition & functions of pancreatic juice(ØØLV)
-Discuss the mechanism & regulation of pancreatic juice secretion(ØØLV)
-Describe exocrine pancreatic insufficiency(MSØV)
-Discuss the structure & functions of Liver(ØSØV)
-Explain the signs of liver insufficiency(MSØV)
-Describe the structure & functions of gall bladder(ØSØV)
-Discuss the composition & function of liver bile(MSØV)
-Discuss the composition & function of gall bladder bile(ØØLV)
-Describe the control & mechanism of bile secretion(ØØLV)
-Describe the clinical significance of liver functions(ØSØV)
-Describe the clinical significance of Gall Bladder functions(ØSØV)
-Recognise the macro and micro structure of Small intestine(ØSØV)
-Discuss the composition & functions of Succus Entericus(MØLV)
-Discuss the mechanism & regulation of secretions of Succus Entericus(ØØLV)
-Describe the process of digestion in small intestine(ØØLV)
-Describe the Malabsorption Syndrome(ØSØV)
-Explain peristalsis as intestinal movement(ØØLV)
-Describe segmentation as intestinal movement(ØØLV)
-Discuss the clinical importance of small intestine(ØSØV)
-Discuss the movements of large intestine(ØSØV)
-Describe the process of absorption & secretion in large intestine(ØSØV)
-Discuss the process of defecation(ØSØV)
-Discuss the clinical significance of large intestine(ØSØV)
-Discuss the digestion & absorption of carbohydrates(ØØLV)
-Discuss the digestion & absorption of Fats(ØØLV)
-Discuss the digestion & absorption of Proteins(MØLV)
-Discuss absorption of water, electrolytes(MSØV)
-Describe the absorption of vitamins & minerals(MSØV)
-Observe the liver function test(ØØØV)
-Perform the inspection of gastrointestinal system in the clinical examination(ØØØV)
-Interpret the findings of inspection of gastrointestinal system in clinical examination(MSØV)
-Perform the palpation of gastrointestinal system in the clinical examination(ØØØV)
-Interpret the findings of palpation of gastrointestinal system in clinical examination(MSØV)
-Perform the percussion of gastrointestinal system in the clinical examination(ØØØV)
-Interpret the findings of percussion of gastrointestinal system in clinical examination(MSØV)
-Perform the auscultation of gastrointestinal system in the clinical examination(ØØØV)
-Interpret the findings of auscultation of gastrointestinal system in clinical examination(MSØV)
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
-Define puberty(ØSØV)
-Discuss the role of LH & FSH in development of puberty(ØØLV)
-Explain puberty for its onset, and stages & Describe the causes for delayed & precocious puberty(ØSØV)
-Describe the structure of male reproductive system(ØØØV)
-Explain the function of male reproductive system(ØSØV)
-Explain the functions of testis as an endocrine gland(MSØV)
-Discuss the role of testosterone(ØØLV)
-Discuss the process of spermatogenesis(ØØLV)
-Discuss the factors affecting spermatogenesis(ØSØV)
-Describe structure the female reproductive tract(ØSØV)
-Discuss the functions of female reproductive tract(ØSØV)
-Discuss the role of ovary as an endocrine gland. List the hormones secreted by ovary(MØLV)
-Discuss the ovarian changes during menstrual cycle(MØLV)
-Discuss the Uterine changes during menstrual cycle(MØLV)
-Discuss the Vaginal changes during menstrual cycle(ØØLV)
-Discuss the Gonadotrophin changes during menstrual cycle(ØSØV)
-Discuss the changes during menopause(MSØV)
-Describe the contraceptive methods for male(MØØV)
-Describe the contraceptive methods for female(MØØV)
-Discuss the fertilization & implantation of ovum(ØØLV)
-Explain the role of placenta as an endocrine organ & List the placental hormones(ØSØV)
-Discuss the process of parturition(ØØLV)
-Describe the role of prolactin Hormone(ØSØV)
-Explain the process of lactation(ØSØV)
SPECIAL SENSES
-Discuss the sensation of olfaction(ØSØV)
-Discuss the olfactory receptor, olfactory pathway(ØØLV)
-Discuss the physiology of olfaction(ØSØV)
-Discuss the altered sensation of smell(MSØV)
-Discuss the sensation of Taste(ØSØV)
-Discuss the taste receptor(ØØLV)
-Draw the taste pathway(ØØØV)
-Discuss the physiology of Taste(ØSØV)
-Discuss the altered sensation of Taste(MSØV)
-Describe the physiological anatomy of ear(MSØV)
-Map the Auditory Pathway(ØØØV)
-Describe the mechanism of hearing(ØØLV)
-Discuss the altered sensation of Hearing(MSØV)
-Explain the structure & function of eye(ØSØV)
-Describe the visual pathway(ØØLV)
-Discuss the principles of optics, visual acuity, Visual reflex(MSØV)
-Discuss the photochemistry of vision(MSØV)
-Discuss the photopic & scotopic vision(ØSØV)
-Discuss the visual adaptation, visual accommodation & night blindness(ØSØV)
-Discuss the different types of refractive errors(MØLV)
-Discuss the colour blindness(MSØV)
-List the causes of Nystagmus(ØØØV)
-Perform the testing of visual acuity, colour and field of vision(ØØØV)
-Interpret the testing of visual acuity, colour and field of vision(ØØØV)
-Perform the testing of hearing in a volunteer(ØØØV)
-Interpret the testing of hearing in a volunteer(ØSØV)
-Perform testing for smell in a volunteer(ØØØV)
-Interpret testing for smell in a volunteer(ØSØV)
-Perform testing for taste sensation in volunteer(ØØØV)
-Interpret testing for taste sensation in volunteer(ØØØV)
BIOCHEMISTRY
-Explain the biosynthetic and catabolic pathways(ØØØV)
-Explain the importance of lipids in the body(ØSØV)
-Explain the different properties of lipids(ØSØV)
-Discuss different types of carbohydrates(ØSØV)
-List major functions of carbohydrates(ØSØV)
-Discuss the food sources of carbohydrates(ØSØV)
-Explain the processes of glycolysis(ØØLV)
-Explain the process of gluconeogenesis(ØØLV)
-Describe the process of ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation(ØSØV)
-Discuss the special features of protein Metabolism(ØSØV)
-Discuss the functions of intact amino acid(ØSØV)
-Discuss the oxidation of amino acid(ØØLV)
-Discuss the synthesis of proteins(ØØLV)
-Discuss the function of nitrogenous part(ØSØV)
-Discuss the exogenous & endogenous protein metabolism(ØSØV)
-Discuss the concept of enzyme, chemical reactions, catalyst and substrates(ØSØV)
-Mention the major functions of enzymes(ØØLV)
-Discuss the importance of enzymes in the body(ØSØV)
-Define vitamin(ØSØV)
-Classify vitamins(ØSØV)
-Mention common vitamin deficiencies(ØSØV)
-List the use of different instruments in biochemistry experiments(ØSØV)
-Perform the qualitative analysis of carbohydrate(ØØØV)
-Interpret the results of Qualitative analysis of carbohydrate(ØØØV)
-Observe the qualitative analysis of Protein(ØØØV)
-Interpret the results of Qualitative analysis of Protein(ØØØV)
-Perform the qualitative analysis of Lipid(ØØØV)
-Interpret the results of Qualitative analysis of Lipid(ØØØV)
-Perform the Quantitative estimation of glucose(ØØØV)
-Interpret the results of Qualitative analysis of glucose(ØØØV)
-Perform the Quantitative estimation of Total proteins(ØØØV)
-Interpret the results of Qualitative analysis of total protein(ØØØV)
-Observe the Quantitative estimation of Uric Acid(ØØØV)
-Interpret the results of Quantitative estimation of Uric acid(ØSØV)
-Observe the laboratory testing for Lipid profile(ØØØV)
-Interpret the results of Lipid profile testing done in a laboratory(ØØØV)